Read values from properties file in Spring 2016-03-23 01:04

There are several ways read values from properties in Spring. You can choose one way in your application or change some code to fit your needs. In this tutorial I will show you different ways to read values from properties in Spring.

  1. using util tag in spring config file
  2. using PropertiesFactoryBean create Properties object
  3. using PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer and @Value inject value into bean
  4. using @Configuration and @PropertySource inject Environment object into bean

properties file in all these 4 project like following

server.address=192.168.6.6
server.port=6666

the version of Spring is 4.2.4.RELEASE pom file like following

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

web.xml in all these projects are same. We need add springMVC support

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-all.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

using util tag in spring config file

project structure

├─main
│  ├─java
│  │  └─com
│  │      └─henry
│  │          └─xml
│  │              └─properties
│  │                  └─util
│  │                      └─tag
│  │                              SimpleController.java
│  │
│  ├─resources 
│  │      spring-all.xml
│  │      system.properties
│  │
│  └─webapp
│      │  index.jsp
│      │
│      └─WEB-INF
│              web.xml
│
└─test                                                                                  
    └─java

spring-all.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="false">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.henry.xml.properties"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <util:properties id="configProperties" location="classpath*:/system.properties"/>

</beans>

SimpleController.java

@Controller
public class SimpleController {
    @Resource(name = "configProperties")
    private Properties properties;

    @RequestMapping("/test-util-tag")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testProperties() {
        return "serverAddress: " + properties.getProperty("server.address") +
                " serverPort: " + properties.getProperty("server.port");
    }
}

using PropertiesFactoryBean create Properties object

project structure

├─main
│  ├─java
│  │  └─com
│  │      └─henry
│  │          └─xml
│  │              └─properties
│  │                  └─factory
│  │                      └─bean
│  │                              SimpleController.java
│  │
│  ├─resources
│  │      spring-all.xml
│  │      system.properties
│  │
│  └─webapp
│      │  index.jsp
│      │
│      └─WEB-INF
│              web.xml
│
└─test
    └─java

spring-all.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="false">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.henry.xml.properties"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <bean id="configProperties"
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
        <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true"/>
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath*:/system.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

SimpleController.java

@Controller
public class SimpleController {
    @Resource(name = "configProperties")
    private Properties properties;

    @RequestMapping("/test-properties-factory-bean")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testProperties() {
        return "serverAddress: " + properties.getProperty("server.address") +
                " serverPort: " + properties.getProperty("server.port");
    }
}

using PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer and @Value inject value into bean

project structure

├─main
│  ├─java
│  │  └─com
│  │      └─henry
│  │          └─xml
│  │              └─properties
│  │                  └─property
│  │                      └─placeholder
│  │                          └─configurer
│  │                                  SimpleController.java
│  │
│  ├─resources
│  │      spring-all.xml
│  │      system.properties
│  │
│  └─webapp
│      │  index.jsp
│      │
│      └─WEB-INF
│              web.xml
│
└─test                                                                                      
    └─java

spring-all.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="false">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.henry.xml.properties.property.placeholder.configurer"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
    <bean id="configProperties"
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true"/>
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath*:/system.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

SimpleController.java

@Controller
public class SimpleController {
    @Value("${server.address}")
    private String serverAddress;
    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;
    @RequestMapping("/test-property-placeholder-configurer")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testProperties(){
        return "serverAddress: " + serverAddress + " serverPort: " + serverPort;
    }
}

using @Configuration and @PropertySource inject Environment object into bean

project structure

├─main
│  ├─java
│  │  └─com
│  │      └─henry
│  │          └─xml
│  │              └─properties
│  │                  └─configuration
│  │                      └─annotation
│  │                              SimpleController.java
│  │
│  ├─resources
│  │      spring-all.xml
│  │      system.properties
│  │
│  └─webapp
│      │  index.jsp
│      │
│      └─WEB-INF
│              web.xml
│ 
└─test
   └─java

spring-all.xml file

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"
       default-lazy-init="false">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.henry.xml.properties.configuration.annotation"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

</beans>

SimpleController.java

@Controller
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:system.properties")
public class SimpleController {
    @Autowired
    private Environment env;

    @RequestMapping("/test-configuration-annotation")
    @ResponseBody
    public String testProperties() {
        return "serverAddress: " + env.getProperty("server.address") +
                " serverPort: " + env.getProperty("server.port");
    }
}
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